{"product_id":"beyond-nature-and-culture","title":"Beyond Nature and Culture","description":"Philippe Descola has become one of the most important anthropologists working today, and \u003ci\u003eBeyond Nature and Culture\u003c\/i\u003e has been a major influence in European intellectual life since its French publication in 2005. Here, finally, it is brought to English-language readers. At its heart is a question central to both anthropology and philosophy: what is the relationship between nature and culture?\u003cbr\u003eCulture—as a collective human making, of art, language, and so forth—is often seen as essentially different from nature, which is portrayed as a collective of the nonhuman world, of plants, animals, geology, and natural forces. Descola shows this essential difference to be, however, not only a specifically Western notion, but also a very recent one. Drawing on ethnographic examples from around the world and theoretical understandings from cognitive science, structural analysis, and phenomenology, he formulates a sophisticated new framework, the “four ontologies”— animism, totemism, naturalism, and analogism—to account for all the ways we relate ourselves to nature. By thinking beyond nature and culture as a simple dichotomy, Descola offers nothing short of a fundamental reformulation by which anthropologists and philosophers can see the world afresh.","brand":"Marshall Sahlins","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42818243035197,"sku":"9780226144450","price":147.56,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0597\/7689\/2989\/files\/9780226144450_f2669c42-0f61-4bfd-ae34-59eab1d58718.jpg?v=1766917322","url":"https:\/\/www.palmleaf.com.au\/products\/beyond-nature-and-culture","provider":"Palmleaf","version":"1.0","type":"link"}