Jacaranda Geography Alive 9 Victorian Curriculum, learnON & Print

How to use the Jacaranda Geography Alive resource suite viii

Acknowledgements xi

1 Geographical skills and concepts 1

1.1 Overview 1

1.2 Work and careers in Geography 2

1.3 Concepts and skills used in Geography 4

1.4 Review

Unit 1 Biomes and Food Security 11

2 All the world is a biome 12

2.1 Overview 12

2.2 Defining biomes 13

2.3 SkillBuilder: Describing spatial relationships in thematic maps

2.4 The characteristics of biomes 16

2.5 Australia’s major biomes 21

2.6 The grassland biome 23

2.7 Coastal wetlands 27

2.8 SkillBuilder: Constructing and describing a transect on a topographic map

2.9 Coral reefs 30

2.10 Managing and protecting biomes 34

2.11 Thinking Big research project: Our world of biomes AVD

2.12 Review

3 Feeding the world 39

3.1 Overview 39

3.2 What does the world eat? 40

3.3 How can we feed the world? 42

3.4 Modifying biomes for agriculture 47

3.5 Food production in Australia 50

3.6 SkillBuilder: Describing patterns and correlations on a topographic map

3.7 Indigenous Australians’ food security over time 57

3.8 Rice — an important food crop 65

3.9 Cacao — a vital cash crop 71

3.10 SkillBuilder: Constructing ternary graphs

3.11 Thinking Big research project: Subsistence living gap-year diary

3.12 Review

4 The impacts of global food production 77

4.1 Overview 77

4.2 Food production’s effect on biomes 78

4.3 Changing our forest biome 81

4.4 SkillBuilder: GIS — deconstructing a map

4.5 Paper profits, global losses? 85

4.6 Depleting our bountiful ocean biome 90

4.7 SkillBuilder: Interpreting a geographical cartoon

4.8 Losing the land 94

4.9 The effects of farmland irrigation 97

4.10 Diminishing global biodiversity 103

4.11 Does farming cause global warming? 107

4.12 Thinking Big research project: Fished out! PowerPoint

4.13 Review

5 Challenges to food security 113

5.1 Overview 113

5.2 Global food security 114

5.3 SkillBuilder: Constructing and describing complex choropleth maps

5.4 Impacts of land loss on food security 118

5.5 SkillBuilder: Interpreting satellite images to show change over time

5.6 Water — a vital part of the picture 123

5.7 Climate change challenges for food security 126

5.8 Managing food wastage 130

5.9 Thinking Big research project: Famine crisis report

5.10 Review

6 Meeting our future global food needs 136

6.1 Overview 136

6.2 Can we feed the future world population? 137

6.3 Improving food production 140

6.4 Global food aid 143

6.5 SkillBuilder: Constructing a box scattergram

6.6 SkillBuilder: Constructing and describing proportional circles on maps

6.7 Do Australians need food aid? 148

6.8 The effects of dietary changes on food supply 151

6.9 Urban farms to feed urban populations 155

6.10 Thinking Big research project: Community garden design

6.11 Review

Geographical inquiry: Biomes and food security

Unit 2 Geographies of Interconnection 160

7 Connecting with our places 161

7.1 Overview 161

7.2 ‘Seeing’ places 162

7.3 SkillBuilder: Interpreting topological maps

7.4 The meaning of ‘land’ 164

7.5 Changing places 168

7.6 Modes of accessing places 170

7.7 Walking to connect 176

7.8 SkillBuilder: Constructing and describing isoline maps

7.9 Providing access to places for everyone 181

7.10 Connecting with the world 184

7.11 Thinking Big research project: Fieldwork — moving around our spaces

7.12 Review

8 Tourists on the move 189

8.1 Overview 189

8.2 The importance of tourism 190

8.3 Global tourism 194

8.4 SkillBuilder: Constructing and describing a doughnut chart

8.5 Australian tourism 199

8.6 SkillBuilder: Creating a survey

8.7 SkillBuilder: Describing divergence graphs

8.8 The impacts of tourism 204

8.9 Managing environmental impacts — eco-friendly tourism 206

8.10 Cultural tourism 212

8.11 Tourism and sport 217

8.12 Thinking Big research project: Design a 7-day cruise adventure

8.13 Review

9 Trade — a driving force for interconnection 222

9.1 Overview 222

9.2 How does trade connect us? 223

9.3 Australia’s global trade 225

9.4 Food trade around the world 229

9.5 SkillBuilder: Constructing multiple line and cumulative line graphs

9.6 Impacts of globalisation 234

9.7 Making trade fair 237

9.8 Global connections through Australian Aid 239

9.9 The troubling illegal wildlife trade 242

9.10 SkillBuilder: Constructing and describing a flow map

9.11 Thinking Big research project: World Trade Fair infographic

9.12 Review

10 Global ICT — connections, disparity and impacts 249

10.1 Overview 249

10.2 Information and communications technology 250

10.3 The internet connects us 251

10.4 Connected Australians 255

10.5 Improving lives via digital connection — Kenya 257

10.6 Forging new ICT directions — India 260

10.7 The impact of ICT production 263

10.8 The future for e-waste 267

10.9 SkillBuilder: Constructing a table of data for a GIS

10.10 SkillBuilder: Using advanced survey techniques — interviews

10.11 Thinking Big research project: Trash or treasure?

10.12 Review

Fieldwork inquiry: What are the effects of travel in the local community?

Glossary 273

Index 277