Jacaranda Science Quest 9 Victorian Curriculum, 3e learnON and Print

About this resource vii

Meet our author team xv

Acknowledgements xvii

Understanding command terms in the Victorian Curriculum xviii

Discovering Science

1 Investigating science 1

1.1 Overview 2

1.2 Observing 4

1.3 Measuring and reading scales 10

1.4 Questioning and predicting 13

1.5 Controlled, dependent and independent variables 16

1.6 Writing an aim and forming a hypothesis 18

1.7 Planning valid investigations 20

1.8 Planning safe and ethical investigations 25

1.9 Conducting investigations 30

1.10 Presenting data 35

1.11 Drawing a line graph 43

1.12 Creating a simple column or bar graph 46

1.13 Using a spreadsheet 49

1.14 Processing and analysing data 53

1.15 Using information to solve problems 61

1.16 Communicating 67

1.17 Review 73

Biological Sciences

2 Reproduction 77

2.1 Overview 78

2.2 Asexual reproduction 80

2.3 Sexual reproduction in flowering plants 88

2.4 Comparing reproductive strategies in animals 97

2.5 Human reproduction and contraception 106

2.6 Review 118

3 Homeostasis 125

3.1 Overview 126

3.2 The respiratory and circulatory systems 128

3.3 Homeostasis in action 139

3.4 Sense organs 143

3.5 The nervous system 157

3.6 The endocrine system 176

3.7 Review 190

4 Disease 195

4.1 Overview 196

4.2 Infectious diseases 198

4.3 Types of pathogens 205

4.4 Lines of defence 216

4.5 Immunity and immunisation 225

4.6 Outbreaks 233

4.7 Our noble Nobels and other notables 239

4.8 Review 247

Chemical Sciences

5 Inside the atom 251

5.1 Overview 252

5.2 Chemical building blocks 254

5.3 Isotopes and radioactivity 262

5.4 Using radioactivity 273

5.5 Review 286

6 Modelling chemical reactions 289

6.1 Overview 290

6.2 Rearranging atoms and molecules 292

6.3 The Law of Conservation of Mass 298

6.4 Balancing chemical equations 304

6.5 Chemical reactions in everyday life 311

6.6 Elements in disguise 323

6.7 Green chemistry 329

6.8 Review 342

Earth and Space Sciences

7 Earth’s interrelated systems 345

7.1 Overview 346

7.2 Global systems 348

7.3 The greenhouse effect 363

7.4 Reducing carbon dioxide globally 373

7.5 Review 385

Physical Sciences

8 Waves 387

8.1 Overview 388

8.2 Heat transfer 390

8.3 Matter and energy — waves 401

8.4 Energy transfer by sound 406

8.5 Energy transfer by light 416

8.6 Wave behaviour of light 423

8.7 Static electricity 438

8.8 Review 446

9 Generating electricity 449

9.1 Overview 450

9.2 Generating power 452

9.3 DC power sources 459

9.4 AC power sources 465

9.5 Review 473

10 Energy efficiency 475

10.1 Overview 476

10.2 The Law of Conservation of Energy 478

10.3 Complex energy systems 484

10.4 Improving energy efficiency 487

10.5 Review 495

11 Psychology

11.1 Overview

11.2 Introducing psychology

11.3 The brain

11.4 Intelligence

11.5 Emotions and communication

11.6 Memory

11.7 Sleep and sleep disorders

11.8 Psychopathology

11.9 Treatment of mental health disorders

11.10 Groups and social psychology

11.11 Forensic psychology

11.12 Review

12 Forensics

12.1 Overview

12.2 Unravelling the mystery: who did it?

12.3 Forensic toolbox

12.4 Discovering the truth through forensics

12.5 Clues from blood

12.6 Clues in hair, fibres and tracks

12.7 Life as a forensic scientist

12.8 Forensics and the future

12.9 Review

Glossary 501

Index 515

Periodic table